8 Causes of Bleeding Gums
Noticing blood when you brush or floss can be alarming. While bleeding gums are common, they are not something to ignore. In many cases, bleeding gums are an early warning sign of an underlying oral health issue that needs attention.
Understanding the causes of bleeding gums can help you take action early and protect your smile. Below are eight of the most common reasons your gums may be bleeding, along with tips on how to manage it.
1. Gingivitis
Gingivitis is the most common cause of bleeding gums. It occurs when plaque builds up along the gumline, leading to inflammation. Gums may appear red, swollen, and tender, and they may bleed easily when brushing or flossing.
Fortunately, because gingivitis affects only the gums and not the underlying bone, it’s highly treatable. Regular professional dental cleanings and improved home care can often reverse it completely.
2. Inconsistent Flossing
If flossing isn’t part of your daily routine, bacteria and debris collect between teeth, where toothbrush bristles can’t reach. Over time, this irritates the gums and leads to bleeding.
It’s common for gums to bleed more when you first start flossing consistently, but that usually means inflammation is already present. With daily flossing, the tissue often becomes healthier and more resilient.
3. Brushing Too Hard
Using excessive pressure or a hard-bristled toothbrush can damage gum tissue, even if your oral hygiene habits are otherwise good. This can cause gum irritation, bleeding, and even gum recession.
A soft-bristled toothbrush and gentle, controlled motions are more effective at cleaning teeth without stressing the gums.
4. Hormonal Changes
Hormonal fluctuations can increase gum sensitivity and make tissue react more strongly to plaque. This is why bleeding gums are common during pregnancy, puberty, or menopause, or while taking certain hormonal medications.
Extra attention to oral hygiene and regular cleanings can help keep gum inflammation in check during these periods.
5. Vitamin Deficiencies
Bleeding gums can sometimes be linked to nutritional deficiencies, particularly Vitamin C or Vitamin K. These vitamins support healthy tissue and normal blood clotting.
If gum bleeding persists without a clear dental cause, it may be worth discussing overall health factors during a comprehensive exam.
6. Medications That Affect Bleeding
Some medications, including blood thinners and certain heart or blood pressure drugs, can make gums more likely to bleed. This does not mean dental care should be avoided, but it does mean your dentist should be aware of your medications.
Sharing a full health history helps our team provide safer, more personalized care.
7. Periodontal Disease
Persistent bleeding accompanied by gum recession, bad breath, tenderness, or loose teeth may indicate periodontal disease. At this stage, infection has progressed below the gumline and begun affecting the bone that supports the teeth.
Treatment focuses on removing harmful bacteria and supporting gum healing to help protect your teeth.
8. Ill-Fitting Dental Appliances or Restorations
Crowns, bridges, dentures, or retainers that do not fit properly can rub against the gums and cause irritation. This friction can lead to soreness and bleeding, especially in localized areas.
Adjusting or replacing an appliance can often resolve the issue and restore comfort.
When Bleeding Gums Need Attention
A small amount of bleeding once in a while is not always a concern. Bleeding that continues or becomes routine, however, is different. When gums bleed easily, they are often responding to irritation or infection that should be evaluated before it progresses.
A Healthy Smile Starts With Healthy Gums
Your gums play an important role in your overall oral health, and they deserve just as much care as your teeth. If bleeding has become frequent or concerning, a dental visit can help identify the cause and the right next steps. Contact our office to schedule an exam and take a proactive step toward healthier gums.